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In 1984 the Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST) began researching and developing ways to meet the needs of all learners.  Their educational solutions are based on Universal Design for Learning (UDL).  Basically, this means that lessons, from the outset, are designed to consider the needs of the greatest number of students, much like architecture includes access ramps as part of the design for a building’s entrance, thereby eliminating the costly, inconvenient and unattractive adaptations later.