Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born on January 15, 1929. He was a Baptist minister and a leader in the American Civil Rights Movement. He started a civil rights organization called the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. During this ugly time period in the United States of America segregation of African-Americans and Whites was the law. Whites had separate schools and special treatment in stores, hospitals, public transportation and other areas of everyday life. This was called “separate but equal” by the law but it was far from equal.