- abolitionists
-
a person who supported the movement to give slaves their freedom before and during the American Civil War
- affirm
-
to state that something is a fact
- affirmative
-
statement of agreement
- apalled
-
greatly distressed; terribly upset; dismayed
- astonishing
-
amazing
- Babylon
-
City from Old Testament Biblical days
- barbarity
-
violent and cruel
- bequeathed
-
to pass something down to another; to give something to another
- biting
-
wounding or cutting; in this case it is used as a figure of speech; example biting words
- blasphemy
-
speaking about God in a negative way
- blasting
-
to attack with words
- bombast
-
talking or writing in which the speaker/writer tries to sound more grand than they really are
- brutes
-
violent; animal like; cruel
- canopy
-
something that hangs above something else; in this case heaven in the sky hanging above the earth
- cleave
-
to cut or split
- conceded
-
to admit defeat or wrongness
- creed
-
ideas or beliefs that a person holds, usually refers to religious beliefs
- cunning
-
crafty, untruthful, tricky
- cyphering
-
refers in this case to skill in math
- denounce
-
to say something or someone is wrong in their actions or words
- denunciation
-
to publicly speak out against something or someone
- despotisms
-
a type of government where one person has complete power over the country
- devout
-
being very religious
- disparity
-
when things are not equal among different groups of people
- eloquently
-
being able to speak well, in an intelligent way
- enactment
-
performing an act
- entitled
-
having the right to
- equivocate
-
to talk in a way that is misleading
- fetters
-
chains with cuffs around the wrists and ankles that were used to keep slaves from running away
- flay
-
to remove the skin from something
- grievous
-
doing something that makes someone be afraid or nervous
- gross
-
complete; a large amount of
- hypocrisy
-
prentending to feel one way about something when you really feel another way
- illuminated
-
to light up; to cast light on something
- impiety
-
doing sinful or wrong things
- impudence
-
very rude; acting in an offensive way
- irony
-
saying something that means something else
- irrecoverable
-
can't get it back; can't be fixed
- jubilant
-
feeling great happiness and joy
- jubilee
-
a celebration
- lament
-
sorrow, regret, grief about something
- mirth
-
gladness, happiness
- mockery
-
to make fun of something or someone in a negative way
- monarchies
-
countries or kingdoms ruled by a king or queen
- obdurate
-
refusing to change your mind about something even if it is hurtful to others
- pale
-
not as important as something else
- perpetuate
-
to cause or make something happen
- persuade
-
to try to make someone change their mind about something
- plaintive
-
sad or pitiful sounding
- proclaimed
-
to say something in a sure manner
- propiety
-
well-behaved, well-mannered
- rebuke
-
to scold someone because of something they have said or done
- reproach
-
to blame, to show someone that you are unhappy with their behavior
- roused
-
to wake someone up or to cause excitement
- sacrilegious
-
not having interest or belief in something that is supposed to be sacred (holy or important)
- scorching
-
to say or do something in a way that causes pain or distress; to say something in a 'burning' way
- servitude
-
to be forced to serve someone
- sham
-
something that is not what it is supposed to be; trickery
- solemnity
-
acting or being dignified
- solemnly
-
sadly, seriously
- statute
-
a government created law
- stolid
-
not excitable, not easily upset
- sunder
-
to break apart
- tumultuous
-
commontion, confusion; loud and disordered
- withering
-
dry and shriveling; saying something to someone that makes them feel awful
- Zion
-
Jerusalem; another biblical reference in the speech