1st amendment :


https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution



The first amendment: "Congress  shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." 



The 1st amendment's first part speaks about religion. Religion has been a big motivator for much of the world's history. Conquests and wars have been caused because of religion. Differing religions and the hostility between the people who celebrate that is the cause of many conflicts. The first amendment makes it so the government cannot make a national religion, which would envitably lead people into being coerced into or forced to follow. Also, it says that the people can celebrate any religion, and will not be punished for doing so. 



The 1st amendment's second part speaks about the freedom of speech, to day whatever one wants. This is important since the citizens can share their criitcisms and speak when they are wronged. This is the essence of democracy, the type of government that the founding fathers were shooting for. It also gives the people the right to assemble and petition. This is why protests, while almost always defying the gov't in some way, are still allowed.